Compounds, Formulas, & Chemical Change Notes

COMMON COMPOUNDS + FORMULAS Rust Fez 03 Baking Soda NaHCO3 Carbon Dioxide - CO2 Methane CH4 Ammonia (Hable sugar) - C12H22O11 Glucose CoH12O6 the properties of a compound are different from the properties of the elements that make up that Compound → when elements combine during a chemical reaction to create a compound, they are more Stable and therefore have new properties properties describe how a substance reacts (or doesn't react) and a physcial property describes everything else. Chemical color, density, Conductivity, malleability (how it can change its shape), odor, etc ex: Sodium (Na) + Soft reactive metal Chlorine (CI)- poisonous yellow gas ↓ Sodium Chloride (NaCl) pure matter elements and compounds. elements and compounds are pure and homogeneous they are pure due to a set composition. always the same ratio of each substance, or in the case of an element Only one Substance. HOMOGENEOUS you cannot "see" any differences within the Substance HETEROGENEOUS: you can "see" that there are different substances mixed together elements CANNOT be broken down into anything. Simpler Compounds CAN be broken down into its individual elements using a Chemical Change (chemical reaction) non pure matter- mixtures Mixtures are never pure and they can be homogeneous. or heterogeneous. mixtures can be separated using a physical change → evaporation → distillation. → Chromatography →filtration A physical change can often be easily reversed physical Change is mostly seen as a change. of State A physical change does NOT result in a new Substance with new chemical properties A Chemical change (chemical reaction) produces a new substance with different chemical properties SIGNS OF CHEMICAL CHANGE 1. Change of color Or odor 2. formation of energy. →heat/light Can also be loss of energy (without adding or removing heat 3. formation of a NEW Solid (precipitate) without removing heat/freezing substance 4. formation of New gas. without adding heat/ boiling substance Homogeneous mixtures appear the same throughout All Solutions are homogeneous. (A solution is formed when a solute is completely. dissolved in a solvent) + All alloys are considered solutions and are therefore homogeneous Heterogeneous mixtures looth different throughout (you can see individual "ingredients" ionic and covalent bonding. all bonds occur because of electromagnetic attractions INTRAMOLECULAR BONDS: the bonds that occur when atoms bond together to form molecules INTERMOLECULAR BONDS: the bonds that occur when molecules bond together to form the gases, liquids, or Solids ↳ Intermolecular bonds form because the negatively charged electrons of one atom are attracted to positively Charged nucleus of another atom