Full Blood Count - Edubirdie

University:
The University Of Western Ontario
Course:
ANAT 2200B | Systemic Anatomy of the Human Body
Academic year:

2022
Views:

198

Pages:

3
Author:

Kyuwon J.

Full blood count ● Common blood test measuring ○ Red blood cells ○ White blood cells ○ Platelets ● Used for evaluation of: ○ Infection ○ Anemia ○ Bleeding disorders ○ Blood cancer Main Components of FBC ● Red blood cells (RBC) - Oxygen-carrying cells ● Hemoglobin (Hb) - Oxygen-carrying protein ● Hematocrit (Hct) - percent of blood made of RBCs ● White blood cells (WBC) - Immune cells ● Platelets - Clotting cells Red Blood Cell Section 1. Hemoglobin (Hb) ○ Functions as oxygen carrying protein ○ If low with hemoglobin, could see anemia ■ Symptoms of fatigue, pallor, dyspnea 2. Hematocrit (Hct) ○ Percentage of blood volume occupied by RBCs ○ High level of hematocrit will lead to dehydration, and polycythemia Red Cell Indices - Very High Yield ● MCV ○ Average RBC size ○ Used for classifying anemia ● MCH ○ Hb amount per RBC ○ Used to analyze RBC hemoglobin content ● MCHC ○ Hb concentration ○ Used for cell color/concentration ● RDW ○ Size variation ○ Used for mixed anemia MCV Classification ● Low - microcytic ○ Possible cause of iron deficiency ● Normal = acute blood loss ● High - macrocytic ○ Possible cause of B12 deficiency White Blood Cell Section ● Functions as defence against infection and inflammation Types of WBC ● Neutrophils - mainly used for bacterial defense ● Lymphocytes - viral immunity ● Monocytes - phagocytosis ● Eosinophils - parasites/allergy ● Basophils - release of histamine High WBC Count ● Leukocytosis ● Causes infection, stress, and leukemia Low WBC Count ● Leukopenia ● Causes viral infection and need for chemotherapy Platelets ● Functions for important role in blood clotting Low Platelets ● Thrombocytopenia ● Has symptoms of bruising, and bleeding High Platelets ● Thrombocytosis ● Increase in clotting risk Peripheral Blood Smear ● Examined sometimes with FBC ● Could show abnormal cell shapes, immature cells, and parasites Clinical Uses of FBC ● Infection will see increase in number of WBC ● Iron deficiency anemia will see decrease in hemoglobin, and decrease in MCV ● In leukemia, will be able to see abnormal WBC ● In bleeding disorder will be able to see decrease in number of platelets