Exercise 1: Cellular Notes

Exercise 1: 8/4/26 Anything in red are things we need to know for the quiz Human anatomy is the scientific study of the structure of the body- on quiz List the levels of structural hierarchy from smallest to largest Atomic ex: oxygen, carbon Molecule/chemical Organelle on quiz: mitochondria, Golgi body Cellular: red blood Tissue: epithelial tissue (skin is made up of epithelia cells), muscular tissue Organ: stomach and kidney Organ system: Need to know what the system the organ goes in . ex: digestive system, urinary system Organism- Homo sapiens List all the organ systems of the body and assign organs to each system Reproductive: testis, ovaries Urinary: bladder Nervous: brain, spinal cord, Muscular: Respiratory: Skeletal: each bone Lymphatic: lymph nodes, spleen Integumentary Digestive Endocrine C irculatory: heart, blood, blood vessels Describe anatomical position When a person is in anatomical position the body is facing upright, facing forward, the head is erect, eyes open, arms are straight, palms facing forward, knees are straight, feet are together flat on the ground Give directional terms that are equivalent to up, down, front, back, toward the midline, and toward the surface of the body Superior- means above (up) ex. Nose is superior to your chin (mental) Inferior- means below (down) ex. Stomach is inferior to the head (cephalic) (caudal) Medial- toward the midline. Midline is the sagittal line (divides the body into two sides) Lateral- toward the side focus of contralateral - means on both sides Superficial- toward the surface Ex. Outside in inside. Surface Deep Deep- toward the core Anterior/ ventral- t o the front Posterior/ dorsalto the back Proximal- near the trunk, closer to the trunk or toward the trunk Distal- away from the trunk Cephalic- toward the head Caudal- toward the tail