Hydronephrosis | Cheat Sheet - Edubirdie

University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

409

Pages:

4
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Hydronephrosis Definition Dilation of the renal calyces and pelvis Happens proximal to the pathology Hydroureter dilation of the ureters due to a distal obstruction Epidemiology Infants and newborns more common in males Adults 20 to 60 more common in women Due to pregnancy ad gynaecological cancers Adults more than 60 more common in males Overall more common in males Causes Nephrolithiasis Most common cause BPH Prostate cancer Pregnancy Vesicoureteral reflux Strictures From surgery, injury or infection Blood clots in ureter or renal pelvis obstruction Congenital abnormalities Ureteropelvic junction obstruction Classification Clinical features May be asymptomatic if isolated Depend on cause Flank pain and/or abdominal pain Oliguria Fever ad features of UTI Investigations Labs EUC Creatinine Mid-stream urine Prostate specific antigen Ultrasound Anechoic dilation of renal calyces and pelvis with distension of healthy parenchyma Cystoscopy Retrograde pyelogram Management Management of underlying cause Urine drainage Catheter Nephrostomy tube Ureteral stent Antibiotics Complications Permanent kidney damage/atrophy CKD UTIs Most common Pyelonephritis Kidney stones Haematuria Prognosis Variable

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